EARLY RELEASE · 0.5.0-early.1 · 2026-10-31

Sources, editions and coverage

Release 0.5.0 adds ten distinct Indigenous Americas records and eleven institutional/community source records. Earlier public records, scripture editions and media are retained. Archaeological periods are evidence of site use, not claims about present-day belief; the Onondaga item is a dated public Nation account of a living tradition.

Selected coverage

Five guided religious histories, ten attributed Indigenous Americas records, nine Greek deity profiles, eight Greek sacred places, selected historical world contexts, and separate Bible/Quran collections. Sparse evidence is not continuous population or territorial coverage. Mythic accounts remain attributed texts. This Early Release is incomplete and may contain gaps.

COW and World Christian Database research series remain available only in the local research edition. They are omitted from this public Early Release because redistribution permission has not been established.

COW data-use terms. No COW observations, historical-unit lookup or WCD numerical series is included in this public payload.

Selected periods overlap in time without proving contact or shared doctrine. The timeline uses evidence checkpoints with uneven year intervals. Missing years and places reflect this selection, not an absence of history. Maya, Pueblo, Mexica, Zapotec and other Indigenous peoples are living communities; ancient site date ranges are not extinction dates. No confidential or restricted sacred locations are mapped.

Actual data years

The comparable global affiliation endpoint is 2020, from Pew Research Center’s 2025 revised publication. Comparable 2010 country estimates are separate observations. The newer 2026 U.S. card describes adults and is separate from the global all-age series. These are not global 2026 measurements or annual histories.

Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center.

Pew Research Center terms and citation requirements. Original source copyrights, authors, publication dates and links are retained; this atlas presents selected factual summaries and its own visualizations, not complete source publications or raw survey datasets.

Rights and attribution

The Tony Labs software/component MIT notice is distinct from source-data and text rights. Natural Earth map outlines are public domain. Institutional source publications and modern adaptations retain their rights; no blanket open license is claimed. No museum image, raw publisher archive or full source article is included.

Source inventory · Release asset audit · Release identity

Scripture editions

World English Bible Classic is public domain; edition identity remains credited. Pickthall excerpts use the 1930 original with scan-backed Wikisource attribution, not later copyrighted editions. Selected Tanzil Uthmani v1.1 Arabic remains verbatim under the complete notice below.

Tanzil Project · Text license · Notice file

#
#  Tanzil Quran Text (Uthmani, Version 1.1)
#  Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project
#  License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
#
#  This copy of the Quran text is carefully produced, highly 
#  verified and continuously monitored by a group of specialists 
#  at Tanzil Project.
#
#  TERMS OF USE:
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#  - Permission is granted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 
#    of this text, but CHANGING IT IS NOT ALLOWED.
#
#  - This Quran text can be used in any website or application, 
#    provided that its source (Tanzil Project) is clearly indicated, 
#    and a link is made to tanzil.net to enable users to keep
#    track of changes.
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#  - This copyright notice shall be included in all verbatim copies 
#    of the text, and shall be reproduced appropriately in all files 
#    derived from or containing substantial portion of this text.
#
#  Please check updates at: http://tanzil.net/updates/
#

Source records

Legacy atlas

Pew Research Center — How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020
pew2025 · Published 2025-06-09 · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publication remains copyrighted. Selected attributed factual estimates are retained; no blanket open-data redistribution license is asserted.
Hackett, Stonawski, Tong, Kramer, Shi & Fahmy (2025). Pew Research Center. DOI:10.58094/fj71-ny11. Appendix B, printed pages 180–200. Public factual data transcribed; publication remains © Pew Research Center.
Revised 2010 and 2020 estimates; seven broad affiliation categories. Census/survey/register synthesis, not annual observation. Identity is not belief or practice. Revised China identity measures and folk-religion categorization prevent direct splicing to older editions. Source supplies no common statistical confidence interval.
Methodology
Natural Earth 1:110m country boundaries
naturalearth · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Natural Earth geographic data is public domain; source attribution retained.
Made with Natural Earth. Public domain. Contemporary boundaries are orientation only, never historical or religious territory.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Buddhist monuments at Sanchi
source-sanchi · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Ashokan pillar at Lumbini
source-lumbini · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
Yale University Art Gallery — Christian building at Dura-Europos
source-dura-church · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
Yale University Art Gallery; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
Yale University Art Gallery — Synagogue renovation at Dura-Europos
source-dura-synagogue · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
Yale University Art Gallery; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Mogao cave sanctuaries
source-mogao · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Foundation of Kairouan
source-kairouan · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Prambanan temple compounds
source-prambanan · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Brihadisvara temple, Thanjavur
source-chola · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
Landesmuseum Mainz / GDKE — Jewish community at Speyer
source-speyer · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
Landesmuseum Mainz / GDKE; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Rock-hewn churches at Lalibela
source-lalibela · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Taj Mahal construction
source-taj · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Great Mosque reconstruction at Djenné
source-djenne · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights; original factual summary and link only. Refer to the linked source for its terms.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre; linked factual summary paraphrased. No source images copied.

Historical timeline

Göbekli Tepe
gobekli · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; Outstanding Universal Value · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Mesopotamian Deities
met-deities · The Metropolitan Museum of Art · Ira Spar · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · City deities; political changes; household worship · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Predynastic–Early Dynastic Period
egypt-early · National Archaeological Museum, Athens · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Egyptian Antiquities: Predynastic–Early Dynastic Period · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Philae
philae · Egypt Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Temple of Isis; last dated hieroglyphic inscription · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Hinduism timeline
hindu-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · c.1400–900 BCE Composition of the Vedas; 100–500 CE; later traditions · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Introduction to Hinduism
hindu-intro · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Textures of Tradition; Veda; Bhakti; Temple and Image · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Prambanan Temple Compounds
prambanan · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; Brief synthesis; Authenticity · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Israel in Egypt: Moses and the Beginning of Yahwism
israel-stele · Yale University, Open Yale Courses · Christine Hayes · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Transcript discussion of Merneptah stele · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Great Isaiah Scroll exhibition
isaiah · The Israel Museum, Jerusalem · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Introduction, Great Isaiah Scroll, c.125 BCE · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Introduction to Buddhism
buddhist-intro · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Path of Awakening; Dharma; Sangha; Three Treasures · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha
lumbini · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; Outstanding Universal Value · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Christianity timeline
christian-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Life of Jesus; Paul letters; Gospel emergence; Nicaea; Theodosius · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Christian Building
dura-christian · Yale University Art Gallery · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Unearthing the Christian Building · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
House call: A new study rethinks early Christian landmark
dura-review · Yale University · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · New study of the Christian Building · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Muhammad
muhammad · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Biography; Hijra in 622 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Birth of Islam
islam-birth · The Metropolitan Museum of Art · Suzan Yalman, based on Linda Komaroff · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · 610–632; hijra; mosque and subsequent expansion · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Introduction to Jainism
jain-intro · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Mahavira; Tirthankaras; Ahimsa; Renouncers; Laity · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Jainism Introduction
jain-yale · Yale Forum on Religion and Ecology · Christopher Key Chapple · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · The Jain Faith in History · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Symbol and Image Worship in Jainism: The Āyāgapaṭas of Mathura
jain-mathura · Indian Historical Review / SAGE · Kanika Kishore · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Abstract; 42(1), 2015; DOI10.1177/0376983615569814 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Sikhism timeline
sikh-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · 1469; 1539; 1574; 1604;1699 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Sikh Scripture
sikh-scripture · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · 1604 compilation;1708 authority; hymns · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Islam timeline
islam-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · World and America text timelines · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Buddhism timeline
buddhist-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · World and America text timelines · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Ellora Caves
ellora · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Outstanding Universal Value; Buddhist 5th–8th, Brahmanical 7th–10th, Jain 9th–12th centuries · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Group of Monuments at Hampi
hampi · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Description; Vijayanagara, 14th–16th centuries · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa
lhasa-ensemble · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Outstanding Universal Value: eighteenth-century Norbulingka residence and monastery · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
The Art of the Abbasid Period (750–1258)
met-abbasid · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Suzan Yalman, based on Linda Komaroff, October 2001; opening paragraph: Baghdad founded as capital in 762 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Jerusalem 1000–1400: Exhibition Galleries
met-jerusalem1099 · Metropolitan Museum of Art · The Drumbeat of Holy War: 1099 capture and deaths of Muslim, Jewish and fellow Christian inhabitants; exhibition September 26, 2016–January 8, 2017 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Buddhist travellers and pilgrims
silk-buddhism · British Library, International Dunhuang Programme · Transmission of Buddhism; Kushan period travellers, merchants and monasteries · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
About the Silk Roads
silk-networks · UNESCO · Networks of exchange; land and maritime connections · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
History of St Augustine’s Abbey
augustine · English Heritage · Augustine’s mission to Kent, AD 597 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Synagogue, Dura-Europos
dura-synagogue · Yale University Art Gallery · Painted synagogue; final renovation 244/245; burial under siege embankment · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz
shum · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Outstanding Universal Value; community centres 11th–14th centuries; ordinances circa 1220 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
The Expulsion of the Jews from Spain
spain-expulsion · National Library of Israel · 1492 decree; destinations Portugal, North Africa, Ottoman Empire and elsewhere · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Today in History — January 26
recife-newyork · Library of Congress · 1654 refugees from Recife and September arrival in New Amsterdam · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
A Century of Immigration, 1820–1924
jewish-immigration · Library of Congress · Central European arrivals; Eastern European immigration 1881–1924 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Displaced Persons
jewish-dp · United States Holocaust Memorial Museum · 1945–1952 displaced persons; resettlement in Israel, US and other countries · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Omar Ibn Said Collection: List of items
omar · Library of Congress · Omar Ibn Said, captured in West Africa and enslaved in Charleston in 1807; 1831 autobiography · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
The Spread of Islam in Southeast Asia, c.1275–c.1625
islam-seasia · National University of Singapore, Middle East Institute · Peter Sluglett, March 1, 2012, Insight 55; Indian merchant connections; Sufis; Samudra-Pasai and Malacca · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
1993 Parliament of the World’s Religions
chicago-1993 · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Centennial gathering; named Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, Christian and Jewish participants · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Global Religious Composition Estimates for 2010 and 2020
pew2020-history · Pew Research Center · Published June 9, 2025; reference years 2010 and 2020; country-level estimates · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.

Modern demographics

Pew Research Center — How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020
pew2025 · Published 2025-06-09 · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Source publication remains copyrighted. Selected attributed factual estimates are retained; no blanket open-data redistribution license is asserted.
Hackett, Stonawski, Tong, Kramer, Shi & Fahmy (2025). Pew Research Center. DOI:10.58094/fj71-ny11. Appendix B, printed pages 180–200. Public factual data transcribed; publication remains © Pew Research Center.
Revised 2010 and 2020 estimates; seven broad affiliation categories. Census/survey/register synthesis, not annual observation. Identity is not belief or practice. Revised China identity measures and folk-religion categorization prevent direct splicing to older editions. Source supplies no common statistical confidence interval.
Methodology
Natural Earth 1:110m country boundaries
naturalearth · Retrieved 2026-10-29
Natural Earth geographic data is public domain; source attribution retained.
Made with Natural Earth. Public domain. Contemporary boundaries are orientation only, never historical or religious territory.
Pew Research Center: Religious affiliation, July 14, 2026
pew-us-npors-2026 · Published 2026-07-14 · Retrieved 2026-10-30
Source publication remains copyrighted. Selected attributed factual estimates are retained; no blanket open-data redistribution license is asserted.
Pew Research Center. Five factual chart values, original categories and rounding retained; publication remains copyrighted.
NPORS conducted January 30–June 18, 2026. U.S. adults; not the global all-age 2020 population denominator. The chart does not provide a group-specific common uncertainty interval.

Greek collection

Greek Gods and Religious Practices
greek-met-practices · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Colette Hemingway and Seán Hemingway, October 2003 · Deity attributes and local religious practices · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
About Greek and Roman Mythology
greek-getty-myth · J. Paul Getty Museum · Gods, Heroes and Monsters curriculum, public museum background page · About mythology: changing oral accounts; Roman reception · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Archaeological Site of Delphi
greek-delphi-unesco · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional statement of Outstanding Universal Value · Brief synthesis: sanctuary and oracle development in eighth century BCE · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
The Temple of Apollo
greek-delphi-temple · Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Ephorate of Antiquities of Phocis · Digital Delphi monument entry · Apollo temple; oracle; later pediment attributes · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
The Parthenon Gallery
greek-athens-museum · Acropolis Museum · Official museum gallery entry · The Parthenon: Athena Parthenos; work begun 447 BCE, completed fifteen years later · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Sounion: Dedicated to the god Poseidon
greek-sounion-heritage · Hellenic Heritage, Hellenic Ministry of Culture / ODAP · Official archaeological-site entry · Mid-fifth-century temple; earlier sanctuary; reference geography · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Sounion, Temple of Poseidon
greek-sounion-perseus · Perseus Art and Archaeology / Tufts University · Perseus building catalog aa_373; public Art and Archaeology Browser · Date c.444 BCE; sanctuary of Poseidon; older temple context · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Ancient Olympia: At the epicenter of the worship of Zeus
greek-olympia-heritage · Hellenic Heritage, Hellenic Ministry of Culture / ODAP · Official archaeological-site entry · Temple of Zeus built 470–456 BCE · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Tour of the sanctuary of Olympia
greek-olympia-tour · Hellenic Ministry of Culture · Official monument-by-monument virtual tour · Heraion c.600 BCE; Zeus temple c.476–457 BCE in this guide · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Delos — sanctuaries and cults
greek-delos-efa · École française d’Athènes · Public archaeological guide, section 4 · Epigraphy and archaeology; Hellenistic accounts and inventories from 314 BCE · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Kore of Nikandre
greek-delos-nikandre · University of Cambridge, Museum of Classical Archaeology · Museum cast catalog no.1; original Athens National Museum 1 · c.650–625 BCE; inscription and Delos provenance; recipient identified as Artemis · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
The Archaeological Site and Museum of Delos
greek-delos-cyclades · Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades · Official site and museum entry · Festivals of Apollo, Artemis and Leto; architectural and material evidence · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
The Great Eleusinian Relief
greek-eleusis-perseus · Perseus Art and Archaeology / Tufts University · Sculpture catalog aa_1953; original Athens NM126 · c.440–430 BCE; Eleusis findspot; Demeter, Kore and debated youth · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Ten marble fragments of the Great Eleusinian Relief
greek-eleusis-met · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Object 14.130.9; Roman copy c.27 BCE–14 CE of surviving Greek original · Description: original Eleusinian sanctuary; Demeter’s agricultural attributes; copy/original distinction · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
The Sanctuary of Dionysus at Yria, Naxos
greek-yria-cyclades · Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades · Official site entry; excavation by Athens and Munich universities · Fourth temple 580–550 BCE; Dionysus sanctuary; successive ritual-food buildings · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Red-figured kylix, collection Δ2572
greek-dionysus-kylix · Paul and Alexandra Canellopoulos Museum · Museum collection record Δ2572, catalog 81, Zarkadas 2006 · Dionysos holding ivy tendrils; sixth-century BCE vessel · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Poseidon
greek-poseidon-symbols · Calouste Gulbenkian Museum · Olympic Gods in the Gulbenkian Collection · Sea and earthquakes; trident and dolphin on museum coins · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
History of research at Palaepaphos
greek-paphos-research · National Hellenic Research Foundation, Kyprios Character; University of Cyprus · Artemis Georgiou, Department of History and Archaeology, University of Cyprus · Opening site history: twelfth-century BCE Sanctuary I; Kypris later known as Aphrodite · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
The sacred place of Kypris Aphrodite
greek-paphos-stone · Cyprus National Commission for UNESCO · Public institutional document, Palaepaphos sanctuary section · Conical baetylus represented in Roman-period coins and amulets · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Original concise factual paraphrases and source links only; no article text, translated passage, photograph or museum graphic reproduced.
Hesiod, Theogony
greek-hesiod-chs · Harvard University, Center for Hellenic Studies · Lines 1–115 translated by Gregory Nagy; 116–1022 translated by J. Banks, adapted by Gregory Nagy; CHS online edition dated 2019-12-12 · Theogony lines 188–206,453–458,886–900,912–949 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Ancient work is public domain; modern CHS translation/adaptation rights are not assumed. Original paraphrases and exact references only; no translated passages copied.
Homeric Iliad
greek-iliad-chs · Harvard University, Center for Hellenic Studies · Samuel Butler translation revised by Soo-Young Kim, Kelly McCray, Gregory Nagy and Timothy Power; CHS online edition · Rhapsody 5, lines 370–417: Dione identified as Aphrodite’s mother · Accessed 2026-10-30
Ancient work is public domain; modern CHS translation/adaptation rights are not assumed. Original paraphrases and exact references only; no translated passages copied.

World Context

The Achaemenid Persian Empire (550–330 B.C.)
world-met-achaemenid · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art, October 2004 · Opening geographic summary; formation in 550 BCE; conquest in 330 BCE · Accessed 2026-10-30
Source publisher retains rights. Original short factual summary and public source link only; no source article, map, photograph or historical-boundary dataset copied.
Mauryan Empire (ca.323–185 B.C.)
world-met-mauryan · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Department of Asian Art, October 2000 · Body: dynasty c.321–185 BCE; Bengal–Afghanistan / Narmada description; later expansion; Ashoka c.273–232 BCE · Accessed 2026-10-30
Source publisher retains rights. Original short factual summary and public source link only; no source article, map, photograph or historical-boundary dataset copied.
The Roman Empire (27 B.C.–393 A.D.)
world-met-roman · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Christopher S. Lightfoot, October 2000 · 27 BCE foundation; provinces; final section Diocletian, Constantine and the Late Empire (284–476 CE) · Accessed 2026-10-30
Source publisher retains rights. Original short factual summary and public source link only; no source article, map, photograph or historical-boundary dataset copied.
The Art of the Abbasid Period (750–1258)
world-met-abbasid · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Suzan Yalman, based on Linda Komaroff, October 2001 · Opening paragraphs: Iraq; Baghdad founded 762; Samarra capital 836–892; later loss of political unity · Accessed 2026-10-30
Source publisher retains rights. Original short factual summary and public source link only; no source article, map, photograph or historical-boundary dataset copied.
Group of Monuments at Hampi
world-unesco-hampi · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public statement of Outstanding Universal Value · Description and Brief synthesis: Vijayanagara capital; fourteenth–sixteenth centuries; destruction in 1565 · Accessed 2026-10-30
UNESCO marks its site-description text CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0. This dataset supplies an original short factual summary and source link; no source prose, map or image is copied.
The Spread of Islam in Southeast Asia, c.1275–c.1625
world-nus-ocean · National University of Singapore, Middle East Institute · Peter Sluglett, Insight55, March1,2012 · Merchant-origin uncertainty; northern Sumatra; early-fifteenth-century Malacca and links with Sumatra / China · Accessed 2026-10-30
Source publisher retains rights. Original short factual summary and public source link only; no source article, map, photograph or historical-boundary dataset copied.
Trade Routes between Europe and Asia during Antiquity
world-met-antique-trade · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art, October 2000 · Opening: network by beginning of first century CE; Chinese silk to West Asia / Mediterranean; multiple land and sea branches · Accessed 2026-10-30
Source publisher retains rights. Original short factual summary and public source link only; no source article, map, photograph or historical-boundary dataset copied.
About the Silk Roads
world-unesco-silk · UNESCO · Public Silk Roads Programme overview · Networks rather than a single route; land and maritime branches; movement of goods and ideas · Accessed 2026-10-30
Source publisher retains rights. Original short factual summary and public source link only; no source article, map, photograph or historical-boundary dataset copied.
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha
lumbini · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; Outstanding Universal Value · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Christianity timeline
christian-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Life of Jesus; Paul letters; Gospel emergence; Nicaea; Theodosius · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Christian Building
dura-christian · Yale University Art Gallery · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Unearthing the Christian Building · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
House call: A new study rethinks early Christian landmark
dura-review · Yale University · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · New study of the Christian Building · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Synagogue, Dura-Europos
dura-synagogue · Yale University Art Gallery · Painted synagogue; final renovation 244/245; burial under siege embankment · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
History of St Augustine’s Abbey
augustine · English Heritage · Augustine’s mission to Kent, AD 597 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Jerusalem 1000–1400: Exhibition Galleries
met-jerusalem1099 · Metropolitan Museum of Art · The Drumbeat of Holy War: 1099 capture and deaths of Muslim, Jewish and fellow Christian inhabitants; exhibition September 26, 2016–January 8, 2017 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Muhammad
muhammad · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Biography; Hijra in 622 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Art of the Abbasid Period (750–1258)
met-abbasid · Metropolitan Museum of Art · Suzan Yalman, based on Linda Komaroff, October 2001; opening paragraph: Baghdad founded as capital in 762 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
The Spread of Islam in Southeast Asia, c.1275–c.1625
islam-seasia · National University of Singapore, Middle East Institute · Peter Sluglett, March 1, 2012, Insight 55; Indian merchant connections; Sufis; Samudra-Pasai and Malacca · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Group of Monuments at Hampi
hampi · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Description; Vijayanagara, 14th–16th centuries · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Hinduism timeline
hindu-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · c.1400–900 BCE Composition of the Vedas; 100–500 CE; later traditions · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Expulsion of the Jews from Spain
spain-expulsion · National Library of Israel · 1492 decree; destinations Portugal, North Africa, Ottoman Empire and elsewhere · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Today in History — January 26
recife-newyork · Library of Congress · 1654 refugees from Recife and September arrival in New Amsterdam · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
A Century of Immigration, 1820–1924
jewish-immigration · Library of Congress · Central European arrivals; Eastern European immigration 1881–1924 · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Displaced Persons
jewish-dp · United States Holocaust Memorial Museum · 1945–1952 displaced persons; resettlement in Israel, US and other countries · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Omar Ibn Said Collection: List of items
omar · Library of Congress · Omar Ibn Said, captured in West Africa and enslaved in Charleston in 1807; 1831 autobiography · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
Buddhism timeline
buddhist-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · World and America text timelines · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.
1993 Parliament of the World’s Religions
chicago-1993 · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Centennial gathering; named Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, Christian and Jewish participants · Accessed 2026-10-30
Publisher retains rights. Concise original factual abstracts and links only; no article or image reproduction.

Origins

Göbekli Tepe
gobekli · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; Outstanding Universal Value · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Prehistory: Religion
prehistory · English Heritage · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Opening; Communal Tombs · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Mesopotamian Deities
met-deities · The Metropolitan Museum of Art · Ira Spar · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · City deities; political changes; household worship · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Mesopotamian Creation Myths
met-creation · The Metropolitan Museum of Art · Ira Spar · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Opening; Sumerian creation accounts · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Predynastic–Early Dynastic Period
egypt-early · National Archaeological Museum, Athens · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Egyptian Antiquities: Predynastic–Early Dynastic Period · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Religion in Ancient Egypt: Maat
egypt-maat · University of Chicago Library, eCUIP · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Maat and the king · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Philae
philae · Egypt Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Temple of Isis; last dated hieroglyphic inscription · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Hinduism timeline
hindu-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · c.1400–900 BCE Composition of the Vedas; 100–500 CE; later traditions · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Introduction to Hinduism
hindu-intro · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Textures of Tradition; Veda; Bhakti; Temple and Image · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Rigveda
rigveda · UNESCO Memory of the World · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; manuscript nomination reference · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Prambanan Temple Compounds
prambanan · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; Brief synthesis; Authenticity · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Introduction to Judaism
judaism-intro · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Torah; Post-Biblical Religion; Rabbinic Text; Diaspora · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Covenant
covenant · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Abraham and Sinai/Moses covenants · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Israel in Egypt: Moses and the Beginning of Yahwism
israel-stele · Yale University, Open Yale Courses · Christine Hayes · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Transcript discussion of Merneptah stele · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Great Isaiah Scroll exhibition
isaiah · The Israel Museum, Jerusalem · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Introduction, Great Isaiah Scroll, c.125 BCE · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Introduction to Buddhism
buddhist-intro · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Path of Awakening; Dharma; Sangha; Three Treasures · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Expansion of Buddhism
buddhist-expansion · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Ashoka; development of regional streams · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha
lumbini · UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Description; Outstanding Universal Value · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Christianity timeline
christian-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Life of Jesus; Paul letters; Gospel emergence; Nicaea; Theodosius · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Christian Building
dura-christian · Yale University Art Gallery · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Unearthing the Christian Building · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
House call: A new study rethinks early Christian landmark
dura-review · Yale University · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · New study of the Christian Building · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Muhammad
muhammad · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Biography; Hijra in 622 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Birth of Islam
islam-birth · The Metropolitan Museum of Art · Suzan Yalman, based on Linda Komaroff · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · 610–632; hijra; mosque and subsequent expansion · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
What is the Birmingham Qur’an?
birmingham · University of Birmingham, Cadbury Research Library · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Manuscript; Radiocarbon result · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
One Ummah with Many Views
ummah · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Diversity; Sunni/Shi’i; jurisprudence; Sufi movements · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Introduction to Jainism
jain-intro · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Mahavira; Tirthankaras; Ahimsa; Renouncers; Laity · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Jainism Introduction
jain-yale · Yale Forum on Religion and Ecology · Christopher Key Chapple · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · The Jain Faith in History · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Symbol and Image Worship in Jainism: The Āyāgapaṭas of Mathura
jain-mathura · Indian Historical Review / SAGE · Kanika Kishore · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Abstract; 42(1), 2015; DOI10.1177/0376983615569814 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
Sikhism timeline
sikh-history · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · 1469; 1539; 1574; 1604;1699 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The Sikh Scripture
sikh-scripture · Harvard University, The Pluralism Project · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · 1604 compilation;1708 authority; hymns · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.
The life and doctrine of Guru Nanak
sikh-witness · SOAS University of London repository · Public institutional webpage as accessed; not a historical text edition · Printed thesis p.94: India Office Library manuscript Panjabi B40,1733 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source publisher retains rights. Only concise original factual paraphrases and links are included; no source images or full articles copied.

Bible and Quran collections

World English Bible Classic — edition and public-domain notice
web-rights · eBible.org · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public domain; name is a trademark identifying faithful text copies.
World English Bible Classic — Genesis 1
web-GEN01 · eBible.org · Genesis 1 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Genesis 2
web-GEN02 · eBible.org · Genesis 2 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Genesis 3
web-GEN03 · eBible.org · Genesis 3 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Matthew 5
web-MAT05 · eBible.org · Matthew 5 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Matthew 6
web-MAT06 · eBible.org · Matthew 6 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Matthew 7
web-MAT07 · eBible.org · Matthew 7 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Matthew 10
web-MAT10 · eBible.org · Matthew 10 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Romans 13
web-ROM13 · eBible.org · Romans 13 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Acts 5
web-ACT05 · eBible.org · Acts 5 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Deuteronomy 15
web-DEU15 · eBible.org · Deuteronomy 15 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Luke 12
web-LUK12 · eBible.org · Luke 12 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — Revelation 20
web-REV20 · eBible.org · Revelation 20 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
World English Bible Classic — John 5
web-JHN05 · eBible.org · John 5 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Public-domain verse text, publisher footnote callouts excluded; display whitespace normalized.
Pickthall 1930 — The Cow
pickthall-2 · Marmaduke Pickthall; Wikisource scan-backed transcription · Surah 2; transcription revision 15109712 · Accessed 2026-10-29
1930 original translation is public domain; Wikisource transcription attribution retained. No later edition imported.
Pickthall 1930 — The Winnowing Winds
pickthall-51 · Marmaduke Pickthall; Wikisource scan-backed transcription · Surah 51; transcription revision 15191829 · Accessed 2026-10-29
1930 original translation is public domain; Wikisource transcription attribution retained.
1930 edition scan and rights record
pickthall-rights · Wikimedia Commons / 1930 printed edition · Accessed 2026-10-29
Source record marks public domain: author died 1936; published before January 1, 1931. Current access date is 2026.
Tanzil Quran Text — Uthmani, Version 1.1
tanzil · Tanzil Project · Verse-numbered Uthmani text v1.1 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 with explicit verbatim-copy condition; complete notice retained.
Tanzil Quran Text License
tanzil-rights · Tanzil Project · Accessed 2026-10-29
CC BY 3.0; do not change text; source attribution/link and copyright notice required.
Christine Hayes — Genesis 1–4 in ancient Near Eastern context
hayes-genesis · Yale University, Open Yale Courses · Lecture 3, chapters 2–4 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Facts summarized with attribution; publisher retains rights.
Christine Hayes — second creation account and historical-critical reading
hayes-genesis2 · Yale University, Open Yale Courses · Lecture 4, chapter 1 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Facts summarized with attribution; publisher retains rights.
Rashi on Genesis 1:1:2 — grammatical and homiletic readings
rashi-creation · Rashi; Rosenbaum/Silbermann English edition via Sefaria · Comment 2; 1929–1934 English edition · Accessed 2026-10-29
Only a concise paraphrase included; Sefaria API identifies the cited English edition as Public Domain.
Augustine — City of God, Book XI
augustine-creation · Augustine; Marcus Dods translation, New Advent · Chapters 6–8 · Accessed 2026-10-29
Only concise paraphrase included.
Birmingham Quran — manuscript, parchment dating and limits
birmingham-quran · University of Birmingham · Research and conservation; radiocarbon result · Accessed 2026-10-29
Facts summarized with attribution; publisher retains rights.

Indigenous Americas additions

Each record links to its own archaeological or Nation/community source. The Tikal record also links to Smithsonian NMAI's living Maya account. A 2024 Onondaga Nation public event is plotted only as a coarse regional reference.

La Venta: architecture and sculptural style
INAH / Lugares · 1200–400 a.C.; ceremonial precinct and offerings · Accessed 2026-10-31
Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán
UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Description; Zapotec capital 500 BC–850 AD; ceremonial centre · Accessed 2026-10-31
Tikal National Park
UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Outstanding Universal Value; monuments 292 BC–869 AD; ceremonial structures · Accessed 2026-10-31
The Maya | Living Maya Time
Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian · The Maya; contemporary Maya and José Huchim Herrera's Yucatec Maya account · Accessed 2026-10-31
Zona Arqueológica Templo Mayor
INAH · Relevancia cultural; chronology 1325–1521 CE; double temple · Accessed 2026-10-31
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu
UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Description; 15th-century construction; ceremonial and other functions · Accessed 2026-10-31
Monumental Earthworks of Poverty Point: World Heritage Site
U.S. National Park Service · 1700–1100 BCE; residential and ceremonial uses; function limits · Accessed 2026-10-31
History & Culture — Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
U.S. National Park Service · 1–400 CE; ceremonial earthworks and broad Hopewell network · Accessed 2026-10-31
New Mexico: Chaco Culture National Historical Park
U.S. National Park Service · 850–1250 CE; ceremonial gatherings, trade and architecture · Accessed 2026-10-31
Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site
UNESCO World Heritage Centre · Outstanding Universal Value; 800–1350 CE religious, political and economic centre · Accessed 2026-10-31
Indigenous Peoples’ Day Festival
Onondaga Nation · 26 September 2024 announcement; 13 October 2024 public opening/closing Thanksgiving Address · Accessed 2026-10-31

Scripture explorer · 0.6.0

The explorer is a secondary text-reading layer. Scriptural narrative and theology are labeled textual claims. A quoted passage is not independent archaeological or historical corroboration, and the explorer does not assign narrated scenes map coordinates or historical dates.

Bible structure: The Protestant view lists 39 Old Testament and 27 New Testament books (66 total). The Catholic view lists 46 Old Testament and 27 New Testament books (73 total), including Tobit, Judith, Wisdom, Sirach, Baruch, and 1 and 2 Maccabees. Esther and Daniel use the World English Bible Classic Greek versions with additions in the Catholic view; they remain one book each. Eastern Orthodox canons vary; neither view represents a universal Christian canon. The Catholic view is a structural catalog, not a Catholic-approved edition. WEB Greek Esther keeps 10 chapters with additions in the text; Catholic editions may number the material differently. USCCB canonical order.

Bible text: All listed chapters are from the World English Bible Classic, 2020 stable eng-web text, downloaded as the publisher's VPL ZIP on October 31, 2026. The text is public domain; the edition name is a trademark identifying faithful copies. Verse wording is preserved from the VPL source. eBible edition, downloads and rights. WEB text is used for navigation across both canon views; no New American Bible text is copied.

Quran structure: One book, 114 surahs and 6,236 numbered ayahs. Surah names and ayah counts come from Tanzil Quran Metadata 1.0. The Arabic text comes from Tanzil Uthmani v1.1, downloaded October 31, 2026. Every Arabic ayah is copied without character changes. The Tanzil license requires verbatim copying, attribution, a link to Tanzil, and the full copyright notice. The notice appears in every lazy-loaded surah file and in the license file.

English Quran rendering: Marmaduke Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930), from the Pickthall lines in Project Gutenberg #16955, accessed October 31, 2026. Printed line wraps were joined for on-screen reading; wording was not edited. Four malformed verse-number markers in that transcription were assigned by sequence against Tanzil ayah counts; no English words were corrected. The English is a translation and is separately labeled from Tanzil Arabic. The original 1930 translation is public domain in the United States as of 2026. The earlier curated comparison retains its own scan-backed Wikisource excerpts and original credit.

Scope: Full navigation and text for 66 shared Bible books, seven Catholic deuterocanonical books, Greek Esther and Daniel variants, and all 114 Quran surahs. Catalog filtering, within-chapter/surah text filtering and direct passage links are supported. Search does not claim to search all scripture at once. No new scholarly interpretation, implied equivalence, historical corroboration, sacred-site mapping, or copyrighted Catholic translation is supplied.